从规训教育到生命教育

生命教育是以学生生命过程和价值为本的教育理念,这种教育理念认为：教育的主题是艺术地生活、教育的目的是培育活跃的思维、教育的过程就是生活探险的过程。我们迫切需要转变目前的规训教育模式,将教育回归到人之中,从学生主体内在生成过程的视角去理解教育过程,努力寻求和建立一种追求生命价值的教育模式。     

Numerical simulation of the blast wave of a multilayer composite charge

The numerical simulation of a blast wave of a multilayer composite charge is investigated. A calculation model of the near-field explosion and far-field propagation of the shock wave of a composite charge is established using the AUTODYN finite element program. Results of the near-field and far-field calculations of the shock wave respectively converge at cell sizes of 0.25–0.5 cm and 1–3 cm. The Euler––flux-corrected transport solver is found to be suitable for the far-field calculation after mapping. A numerical simulation is conducted to study the formation, propagation, and interaction of the shock wave of the composite charge for different initiation modes. It is found that the initiation mode obviously affects the shock-wave waveform and pressure distribution of the composite charge. Additionally, it is found that the area of the overpressure distribution is greatest for internal and external simultaneous initiation, and the peak pressure of the shock wave exponentially decays, fitting the calculation formula of the peak overpressure attenuation under different initiation modes, which is obtained and verified by experiment. The difference between numerical and experimental results is less than 10%, and the peak overpressure of both internal and external initiation is 56.12% higher than that of central single-point initiation.     

信源数动态变化的一种稳健超定盲分离算法

针对大多数现有盲分离算法都假定信源数已知,分析了信源数未知且动态变化时的超定盲分离(接收天线数多于信源数)算法,通过奇异值分解在线估计信源个数,并修正自适应神经网络的维数。文章在经典Cichocki-Unbenauen算法中加入动量项,设置可变步长,使分离性能得到较大的改进,同时避免训练陷入局部最小。与文献[1]新提出的ANA算法相比,仿真结果证明本文算法具有更快的收敛速度和更小的稳态误差。     

基于RLC振荡电路电磁超声换能器激励研究

根据目前电磁超声的基本理论以及现有的激发方式，在EMAT基本模型基础上，应用新型开关电源IG—BT代替交流接触器优化激发电路系统，旨在提高电磁超声换能器的磁声转换效率，解决其灵敏度低以及热效应的不良影响等问题。通过实验对系统优化前后的数据进行比较，表明优化后的系统不仅降低了能耗，而且提高了原有交流接触器作为开关时超声幅值和转换效率。     

大型消防装备采购模式及全寿命期费用控制问题探析

大型消防装备采购模式存在的一些问题,影响了大型消防装备全寿命期的经费使用效益,导致大型消防装备的购置费用高而效率低,装备闲置和利用率不高,装备全寿命期费用控制效果较差,必须建立大型消防装备全寿命费用管理体系,提高大型消防装备投资的效率。     

基于单一聚类方法的航空器相撞HFACS诱发模式分析

为了有效防控航空器相撞事故的发生,保证航空系统安全、有序和高效运行,提出一种基于单一聚类过程的人为因素分析分类系统(HFACS)诱发模式分析方法。在该方法中,首先,根据航空器相撞的具体特点建立了HFACS。然后,利用HFACS对发生的航空器相撞事故/事故征候进行量化,构建历史信息的数据表。最后,采用单一聚类方法对得到的数据表进行诱发模式分析,识别出重要的诱发模式及模式中包含的重要影响因素,并据此提出防相撞的管控措施。实例分析表明,所提出方法的实现过程简便,定性定量结合,形式易于理解,分析结果也更加贴近实际,对于提升防相撞的管理和决策水平,防范航空器相撞及减少造成的损失具有重要的实用价值。     

积分模糊变结构控制的导弹侧向自动驾驶仪设计

针对导弹侧向稳定回路这一参数大范围快时变系统,应用一种积分模糊滑模控制方法来设计自动驾驶仪.通过模糊控制和滑模控制的有机结合,并引入积分环节,使得控制输出得到连续化,避免了变结构控制所固有高频颤振现象,易于工程实现.仿真结果表明,给出的积分模糊变结构控制器,能够抑制弹体模型参数的大范围变化和外界干扰等不确定因素的作用,具有很强的鲁棒性和良好的动态性能.     

Liquid phase in-situ synthesis of LiF coated boron powder composite and performance study

Among practical metal additives, boron (B) has a high volumetric heating value, making it a promising choice as a fuel additive. Although B can theoretically yield a large amount of energy upon complete combustion, its combustion is retarded by the initial presence of B oxide, which coats the surfaces of B particle. To improve the ignition and combustion properties of B powder, LiOH and NH₄F were used as precursors to synthesize uniformly LiF-coated B composites (LiF-B) in situ. The LiF-B mixture was also prepared for comparison using a physical method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the morphologies and compositions of the products. The thermal and combustion properties of the samples were characterized by thermal gravity-differential thermal gravity (TG-DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and closed bomb experiment. The XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDS results demonstrated the successful preparation of the coated LiF-B sample. The TG-DTG and closed bomb experiment results indicated that the addition of LiF decreased the ignition temperature of B powder, and increasing its reaction efficiency. DSC results show that when LiF-B was added, the released heat of underwater explosive increased by 6727.2, 7280.4 and 3109.6 J/g at heating rates of 5, 10, and 15 °C/min, respectively. Moreover, LiF-B decreased the activation energy of secondary combustion reaction of explosive system as calculated through Kissinger's method by 28.9%, which indicated an excellent catalytic effect for the thermal decomposition of underwater explosive. The results reveal that LiF can improve the combustion efficiency of B powder, thereby increasing the total energy of explosives. The mechanical sensitivity increased slightly after adding LiF-B to the underwater explosive. Compared to the underwater explosive with added B, the mechanical sensitivity of the explosive with added LiF-B was significantly lower.     

喷涂层接触疲劳失效信号响应试验研究

采用超音速等离子喷涂设备制备了铁基自熔剂合金涂层，通过球盘式接触疲劳试验机考察了喷涂层的疲劳行为，使用扫描电子显微镜对涂层的截面和失效形貌进行了表征，研究了不同信号响应对涂层接触疲劳失效形式的指示作用。结果表明：在该应力水平下，喷涂层的接触疲劳失效形式为点蚀和分层失效。振动和扭矩信号的响应可以反馈不同的失效过程，点蚀失效过程中信号呈现渐变的特征，而分层失效过程中信号则发生明显的阶跃。     

国防生体育教学形式拓展探究

地方高校国防生的体育教学训练往往沿袭了普通大学生的体育教学形式，针对性不强，影响了国防生军事体育素质的提高。通过调查分析指出，国防生体育教学训练形式应从开展新生体能强化训练、军事体育竞赛等方面来进行拓展。